Iraq Shi'ite Ashoura ritual escapes major attacks by late afternoon
Dozens of pilgrims were killed in Baghdad alone in the run-up to this year's event, despite an increase in security since suspected al Qaeda suicide bombers and mortar attacks killed 171 people during Ashoura in Kerbala and Baghdad in 2004.
But no big attacks were reported in Iraq on Tuesday as Shi'ites across the Muslim world commemorated the slaying of Prophet Mohammad's grandson Hussein at the battle of Kerbala in AD 680, an event that defines the Shi'ite rift with Sunni Islam.
Gunmen shot dead at least five people in Saudi Arabia's Eastern Province, state news agency SPA reported, in what local residents said was an attack on Shi'ite Muslim worshippers on Monday night, testing already strained relations between Sunnis and Shi'ites across the Middle East.
Islamic State, seen as more ruthless than al Qaeda, says Shi'ites are infidels who deserve to be killed and the group, which seized large parts of northern Iraq this year, has claimed responsibility for numerous suicide bombings against members of the majority sect.
In Kerbala, hundreds of thousands of pilgrims gathered outside the Shrine of Imam Hussein chanting: "Hussein, Hussein, Hussein." During the ritual, Shi'ites beat their heads and chests and gash their heads with swords to show their grief and echo the imam's suffering.
In the past, suicide bombers posing as pilgrims have infiltrated large crowds, and militants have fired mortar rounds at the gathering from the outskirts of Kerbala.
HISTORY OF OPPRESSION
Under Saddam Hussein's secular rule, such gatherings were banned in Iraq, which was ruled mostly by Sunnis in his Baath Party.
Since the dictator was toppled in 2003, Shi'ites have dominated Iraqi governments, but openly practicing their faith en masse puts the majority sect at risk of suicide bombing attacks by hardline Sunni groups.
Islamic State's attacks on Shi'ites have contributed to a return in violence to the levels of 2006-2007, the peak of a sectarian civil war.
After taking office three months ago, Shi'ite Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi promised to heal sectarian divisions in order to unite the country against Islamic State, which has declared a caliphate in parts of Iraq and Syria it controls.
But there have been no tangible signs that he is taking on Iranian-backed Shi'ite militias, which seem to act with impunity.
The Sunni minority, who were marginalized by Abadi's predecessor Nuri al-Maliki, complain that the militias kidnap, torture and kill at will. The militias say they only go after Islamic State militants.
Last week, Islamic State executed more than 300 members of a Sunni tribe in western Anbar province which had defied them for weeks and dumped the bodies in mass graves or on roadsides.
During the emotional ritual in Kerbala, Shi'ites were defiant, despite the new dangers posed by Islamic State.
"Islamic State cannot stop us from coming with their violence," said pilgrim Ali Ajaj, 65.
His wife, Um Mohammed, recalled how Saddam Hussein's agents killed two of their sons, a tragedy that made her more determined to practice her faith.
"Islamic State car bombs and explosions will not stop me from coming," she said.
Under strict security measures on Tuesday, cars were not allowed to enter Kerbala for fear of car bomb attacks. Instead, pilgrims boarded buses organized by authorities.
There were no reports of bombing attacks by late afternoon. But Iraq's steady supply of violence was seen elsewhere.
In Diyala Province, mortar rounds wounded five people, security sources said. An unidentified body of someone who was shot execution-style was retrieved in the same province.
Reuters
